Beginning in 1988 with DR-DOS, several competing products were released for the x86 platform,[5] and MS-DOS went through eight versions, until development ceased in 2000.[6] Initially, MS-DOS was targeted at Intel 8086 processors running on computer hardware using floppy disks to store and access not only the operating system, but application software and user data as well. Progressive version releases delivered support for other mass storage media in ever greater sizes and formats, along with added feature support for newer processors and rapidly evolving computer architectures. Ultimately, it was the key product in Microsoft's development from a programming language company to a diverse software development firm, providing the company with essential revenue and marketing resources. It was also the underlying basic operating system on which early versions of Windows ran as a GUI.
Msdos 622 Source Code
Download File: https://urlgoal.com/2vFern
On March 25, 2014, Microsoft made the code to SCP MS-DOS 1.25 and a mixture of Altos MS-DOS 2.11 and TeleVideo PC DOS 2.11 available to the public under the Microsoft Research License Agreement, which makes the code source-available, but not open source as defined by Open Source Initiative or Free Software Foundation standards.[16][17][18][19] Microsoft would later re-license the code under the MIT License on September 28, 2018, making these versions free software.[2]
Localized versions of MS-DOS existed for different markets.[73] While Western issues of MS-DOS evolved around the same set of tools and drivers just with localized message languages and differing sets of supported codepages and keyboard layouts, some language versions were considerably different from Western issues and were adapted to run on localized PC hardware with additional BIOS services not available in Western PCs, support multiple hardware codepages for displays and printers, support DBCS, alternative input methods and graphics output. Affected issues include Japanese (DOS/V), Korean, Arabic (ADOS 3.3/5.0), Hebrew (HDOS 3.3/5.0), Russian (RDOS 4.01/5.0) as well as some other Eastern European versions of DOS.
On microcomputers based on the Intel 8086 and 8088 processors, including the IBM PC and clones, the initial competition to the PC DOS/MS-DOS line came from Digital Research, whose CP/M operating system had inspired MS-DOS. In fact, there remains controversy as to whether QDOS was more or less plagiarized from early versions of CP/M code. Digital Research released CP/M-86 a few months after MS-DOS, and it was offered as an alternative to MS-DOS and Microsoft's licensing requirements, but at a higher price. Executable programs for CP/M-86 and MS-DOS were not interchangeable with each other; many applications were sold in both MS-DOS and CP/M-86 versions until MS-DOS became preponderant (later Digital Research operating systems could run both MS-DOS and CP/M-86 software). MS-DOS originally supported the simple .COM, which was modeled after a similar but binary-incompatible format known from CP/M-80. CP/M-86 instead supported a relocatable format using the file extension .CMD to avoid name conflicts with CP/M-80 and MS-DOS .COM files. MS-DOS version 1.0 added a more advanced relocatable .EXE executable file format.
As a response to Digital Research's DR DOS 6.0, which bundled SuperStor disk compression, Microsoft opened negotiations with Stac Electronics, vendor of the most popular DOS disk compression tool, Stacker. In the due diligence process, Stac engineers had shown Microsoft part of the Stacker source code. Stac was unwilling to meet Microsoft's terms for licensing Stacker and withdrew from the negotiations. Microsoft chose to license Vertisoft's DoubleDisk, using it as the core for its DoubleSpace disk compression.[75]
MS-DOS 6.0 and 6.20 were released in 1993, both including the Microsoft DoubleSpace disk compression utility program. Stac successfully sued Microsoft for patent infringement regarding the compression algorithm used in DoubleSpace. This resulted in the 1994 release of MS-DOS 6.21, which had disk compression removed. Shortly afterwards came version 6.22, with a new version of the disk compression system, DriveSpace, which had a different compression algorithm to avoid the infringing code.
MS-DOS 6.22 was the last standalone version produced by Microsoft for Intel 8088, Intel 8086, and Intel 80286 processors, which remain available for download via their MSDN,[84] volume license, and OEM license partner websites, for customers with valid login credentials. MS-DOS is still used in embedded x86 systems due to its simple architecture and minimal memory and processor requirements, though some current products have switched to the still-maintained open-source alternative FreeDOS.
In 2018, Microsoft released the source code for MS-DOS 1.25 and 2.0 on GitHub. The purpose of this, according to Microsoft, is mainly for education and experimentation with historic operating systems and for new programmers to gain an understanding of how low-level software works, both historic and current. According to program manager Rich Turner, the other versions could not be open-sourced due to third-party licensing restrictions.[85]
Due to the historical nature of the software, Microsoft will not accept any pull requests to the code; only pull requests for modified and translated documentation will be accepted. Users, however, are allowed and fully encouraged to fork the repository containing the MS-DOS source code and make their own modifications, and do whatever they like with it.
When developing on/for mainframes and minicomputers of the day, developers were sometimes able to use higher-level languages like FORTRAN, LISP, COBOL, RPG, CPL/BCPL, C, etc. but the compilers for such languages were often hugely expensive, rarely generated efficient code, and were generally unavailable for the space and performance constrained home and personal computers of the day.
Many developers working today have no idea how a computer works under the hood and are astonished that their JavaScript/node apps consume VAST amounts of memory, and run MUCH slower than natively compiled & optimized code.
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The enhanced DEBUG package includes DEBUG.COM which is a replacement for the standard DOS DEBUG and DEBUGX.COM which can debug DPMI client programs and has more features but uses more memory. The inclusion of some features are controlled by defines in the source code. DEBUG supports assembly and disassembly of all Intel x86 instructions up to the Pentium Pro (P6). Note EMS support is disabled by default because it is not useful to typical debugging. EMS support may be enabled by defining EMSCMD to 1 and rebuilding. Enabling EMS support will increase memory usage by 1.2KB. Enhanced DEBUG runs on DOS 2.0 and later.
The enhanced DEBUG source code may be built with JWasm, UASM, or MASM. The instruction set table builder program MKTABLES.C may be built with any ANSI C compiler such as the Microsoft C compiler or the Open Watcom C compiler.
CuteMouse is a DOS based, open source mouse driver, which supports many protocols of serial and PS/2 mice. It can search for a serial mouse at all COM ports or only at a specified port. An important CuteMouse feature is its small memory footprint: the resident part (TSR) occupies less than 3.5kb. CuteMouse can also install itself in upper memory, when available, without requiring external utilities such as the LH (LoadHigh) command. Modern BIOSes often make USB mice visible through the PS/2 interface if you enable "legacy" support in BIOS setup.
Every compiler has its specific procedure to compile and build a program from the source C files.Which compiler are you using? MS-DOS 6.22 does not have a built-in C compiler.If you need to compile C code using an old version of the Turbo C compiler, you can download Turbo C 2.01 from
Intel is in the process of removing non-inclusive language from our current documentation, user interfaces, and code. Please note that retroactive changes are not always possible, and some non-inclusive language may remain in older documentation, user interfaces, and code.
Microsoft added disk compression and other tools to MS-DOS 6.0 and subsequently got sued for stealing code from STAC Electronics. Microsoft revved MS-DOS as a result of the suit and a few other issues until it officially stopped producing DOS with MS-DOS 6.22. After that, Microsoft moved on by shipping Windows 95.
DR-DOS, originally developed by Digital Research had long and tortured history. Developed by Digital Research from its original CPM code as CPM/86, DR-DOS changed hands several times before disappearing. The early versions of DR-DOS were only semi-DOS compatible. They were of course intended to be compatible with CPM, but as MS/PC-DOS compatibility became mandatory, Digital Research rewrote CPM/86 first as DOS Plus and then as DR-DOS.
This article is intended for computing experts who already know what character sets and codepages are. We look into MS-DOS and PC DOS codepages, and also the codepages found in Windows command line mode ("DOS box"). We attempt to differentiate between "real" DOS codepages and "DOS-like" codepages. We compare codepages to other codepages. We point out differences in documented and actual behavior. We also document old Arabic codepages, for which no other online documentation existed as of 2014.
The DOS operating system originally supported just one character set, or code page. That was the 437 codepage, also known as PC-ASCII. Later on, several alternatives were released as DOS went into widespread international use. That happened by the release of DOS 3.3 in 1987.
The following table summarizes the code pages officially supported by standalone versions of PC DOS (IBM) and MS-DOS (Microsoft). The information is primarily based on MS-DOS versions from 3.3 to 6.22 and PC DOS versions 7 and 2000. 2ff7e9595c